Synonym :
Dinophysis homuncutus Stein 1883

Morphological Characteristics :
Very thick valves with pores and scale-like network on the surface. Distinct epitheca and hypotheca with elongated extension to the posterior side. Relatively smooth girdle, wider than the epitheca and has wing extended to the apical side.

Size of Specimen :
70-100 mm (L), 39-45 mm (W)

Distribution :
Cosmopolitan, widely found in subtropical and tropical environment. Had been discovered in the waters of Nan Sha and Shi Sha Islands. Commonly be seen in Tolo Harbour, eastern waters of Hong Kong, Pearl River Estuary, Dapeng Bay and Daya Bay. Caused red tides in Japan occasionally, but has not caused red tide in the South China Sea.

Major Limiting Factors :
Mainly Dissolved Inorganic Nitrogen (DIN) and Dissolved Inorganic Phosphates (DIP).

Toxicity :
DSP related, sometimes (e.g. in Japan) associated with massive fishkill.